据介绍,蔡氏古民居建筑群里,总共有五种雕刻艺术,包括石雕、木雕、砖雕、泥塑雕,还有一种雕刻艺术非常奇特,至今为止没有专家考证出来。而正是这样四种精美的雕刻以及一种不知名的工艺,让蔡氏古民居成就了闽南建筑的独特魅力,展现了独一无二的建筑特色。
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古人以正月初一为岁之朝,是日案头必定要有花果,称作“岁朝清供”,以求来年红红火火、衣食无忧,寒冬时节也沾些春意。春节前后的“岁朝清供”一般是画瓶插红梅、盘养水仙,旁边散着几只佛手、柿子、如意。“清供之盛行,甚至成了书画、雕刻的一个重要题材,称作“清供图”。
“文案清供”
在古代,“佛手”除了因谐音福寿,用于表达福寿、吉祥、丰收喜悦之意。它的果实成熟后颜色金黄,并能时时溢出芳香。果实形态奇特、状若人手,馥郁芬芳,清香四溢,达官贵人、文人雅士更是将它用于文案清供,用于室内熏香、提神醒脑。我想这也是为什么古厝书房内的木雕装饰中有着不少的佛手图案。
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雕琢内容丰富多彩,有禽兽、花鸟、鱼虫、山水人物,图案古博。古民居精美的雕饰,不仅集中表现了闽南成熟的雕塑艺术,而且反映了受印度佛教、伊斯兰教及南洋文化和西方建筑艺术的影响,被誉为“闽南建筑的大观园”。
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辉绿岩石雕,对看堵的石雕内容左边的是莲荷鹭鹭、水浪奇石,右边的是古老梅啼鹊。
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户对,塌寿内门楣构件上的左右两边所置的圆盘状石质圆雕构件。此构件表现其“门当户对”之意。
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户对
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铜铃鬃毛,瑞兽麒麟,大瑞兽肩上还蹲着一只小小的麒麟,暗喻老小平安。
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